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Israel Borokini teaching portfolio

“You can teach a student a lesson for a day; but if you can teach him to learn by creating curiosity, he will continue the learning process as long as he lives. "Clay P. Bedford"

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My teaching experience

1. Three years of teaching experience as adjunct faculty (instructor of record) at Truckee Meadows Community College, Reno, Nevada. I taught four sections of General Biology for non-majors (BIOL 100) and 12 sections of Cellular and Molecular Biology lab (BIOL 190L).

2. Six years of teaching experience as a graduate teaching assistant in the Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, supporting faculties in teaching several courses including Principles of Biological Investigation (BIOL 192), Genetics (BIOL 300), Comparative animal physiology (BIOL 316) and human anatomy and physiology (BIOL 223 and 224).

3. Instructor of record for Environmental Science (ENV 101) course for two summer sessions at the University of Nevada, Reno.

4. Experience and training in both classroom and online instruction delivery.

5. One year experience as a tutor in the University Writing and Speaking center, supporting both undergraduate and graduate students in their writing assignments, via synchronous and online consultations.

6. One year of coordinating environmental education for pre-K and K-12 students, and during spring and summer break camps at Galena Creek Visitor Center

7. Four years of teaching experience as high school Biology teacher

8. One year as instructor for Cambridge Advanced level Biology

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My teaching philosophy

My goal is to provide excellent learning experience for my students that will make them independent and critical thinkers, and have positive and lifelong impact on their professional goals. Students in my class come from diverse backgrounds, each with different but unique experiences; therefore, each of them should have equal access to a stimulating education environment that suits their learning needs. This underscores the importance of applying the universal design for learning (UDL) in the design and delivery of course content.
My teaching philosophy, as a biology instructor, is built on the principle of “scientific teaching” and 3-dimensional learning, both of which advocate for teaching science the way it is practiced. I demonstrated this in several foundational biology courses I taught both at the University of Nevada, Reno and Truckee Meadows Community College, by introducing new concepts based on the foundations of students’ preconceptions and previous learning experiences, and guiding the students to implement half or full semester-long individual or group projects, including formulation of hypotheses, experimental designs, data collection, and analysis, as well as writing reports and making presentations.
My teaching philosophy and practices are founded on the neurobiological concept of learning in my classroom. To optimize students’ engagement in the class, I often use a wide variety of active learning approaches such as open educational resources, my video lecture creations, Kahoot games, clicker questions, group discussions, pausing for questions, think-pair-share sessions, and asking questions. These active learning approaches are also strongly tied with the UDL course designs. When students learn new concepts, construct new knowledge, and practice them in classroom and real-world situations, the new knowledge can change the structure of their brain cells (neurons) and strengthen the synapses between them. For example, I used model-based learning to teach the concept of the food web. Here, I guide students to create ecological food webs using local biodiversity, and use the food webs and the concept of trophic cascades to illustrate the impacts of overexploitation, and the introduction of invasive species in an ecosystem. Additionally, one example of cross-discipline connections I often use is relating climate change to photosynthesis and the three types of photosynthetic pathways in plants.
To assess the effectiveness of these methods in helping students meet learning objectives, I use exit polls, pre- and post-lecture quizzes, and anonymized course evaluations during and at the end of the semester. Students’ feedback and their performance in formal assessments are used to modify course content and delivery to enhance learning. Moreover, formal assessment of student learning in my classes address different levels of the Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive learning domains, with more focus on synthesizing and applying the core concepts in real world situations. Other tangential teaching practices include timely feedback on students’ assignments, flexible office hours, monitoring students’ class progress, and mentorship for undergraduate research experience.
As a biology teacher, I continue to self-reflect on my teaching practices, identify cutting-edge pedagogical innovations for enhancing teaching and learning, and attend professional development courses and science teaching conferences to grow and expand my teaching.

Professional development certifications and courses on teaching

1. Preventing death by lecture. Truckee Meadows Community College, Reno, September 28, 2018

2. Effective teaching strategies for biological and environmental scientists. Developing research capacity among African environmental scientists (DRECA), jointly funded and organized by European Union, Tropical Biology Association (TBA), United Kingdom, EU’s ACP Group of States and Nigerian Conservation Foundation (NCF) and University of Ghana, in Aburi, Ghana; between October 29 and 30, 2012.

3. Professional certification in Effective teaching practices, Association of College and University Educators (ACUE), University of Nevada, Reno, October - December 2017

4. Getting results: an online professional development certificate program, Truckee Meadows Community College, Reno, fall 2018 semester

 

5. Teaching with Technology. University of Nevada, Reno, fall 2018 semester.

6. Pathways to Scientific Teaching course. Visiting Scholar and Postdoc Affairs (VSPA), University of California, Berkeley, October 4–8, 2021.

7. Teaching evolution through a culturally competent lens. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, October 27 – 30, 2021.

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Learner-centered course design: example

Learning challenge

My students come from diverse backgrounds – working students, parents, and minorities – many of whom take evening classes so they can work during the day. Often times, they come to class exhausted and sleepy. My goal is to effectively deliver course content to re-energized, motivated and fully-engaged students. The use of traditional PowerPoint lecture notes was unable to achieve this, therefore I decided to implement a universal design for learning (UDL).

Universal design for learning (UDL)

This course design offers learning choices for students of diverse backgrounds, so they can acquire knowledge and course content using different approaches that suit them, given their background and current circumstances. UDL also allows students demonstrate what they know in diverse ways.

Implementation and the use of technology

My intention for using UDL was to increase student engagement during classroom and allow for using different teaching methods other than PowerPoint lecture notes. In this course design, I used both think-pair-share and group discussions.

Think-pair-share

I designed discussion questions based on course content to be taught for a particular week and posted it on the course website. Following this, I communicated with the students using Canvas announcement tool to inform them about the discussion questions.

During class, I introduced course content, using PowerPoint lecture notes and video clips for about 20 minutes, after which I shared the discussion questions with the students, took a short break for the students to peruse the questions and work on them, then I asked them to pair themselves and discuss answers to the questions for 5-10 minutes. I assigned the questions to each group and welcomed each group to discuss their answers to the assigned discussion question in the front of the class or write their calculations on the white board. As a class, we discussed each group’s answers and provided feedback. I found this approach useful when I taught Mendelian Genetics, and Population ecology. See the attached practice questions on using Punnett Squares to predict possible offspring of monohybrid crosses. Also attached is a list of practice questions on how to estimate population abundance and density, as well as growth rates.

Group discussions

Group discussions are similar to think-pair-share activities, and my implementation was similar. However, I used group discussions mostly to encourage critical thinking and solve real-world problems with knowledge gained from course material. On multiple occasions, I used critical  thinking questions to facilitate learning in evolution class and community ecology class. My students always enjoyed constructing food webs from a list of native species, and demonstrating the collapse of an ecosystem when a keystone species is removed.

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General Biology for non-majors (BIOL 100)

BIOL 100 is a three-credit introductory course with emphasis on the process of science and fundamentals of biology. This includes introduction to molecules, cells and metabolism, flow of genetic information, evolutionary theory and ecological processes. The course connects life science concepts to the understanding of everyday concerns, such as human health. The course is designed for non-science major students, and meets the University of Nevada, Reno (UNR) core curriculum science requirement, but does not count as credit for a biology major. The course comprise three lecture hours per week and take-home four laboratory experiences.

BIOL 100 syllabus is hereby attached to peruse the student learning outcomes and weekly activities.

Teaching Methods: 1. Game-based learning

Game-based learning can be used to facilitate student engagement and motivation and increase learning outcomes in a dynamic teaching and learning environment. Generally, games make people connected to the subject, motivates them and achieve even more. For the game to be effective, the game activities must be tied to course learning outcomes.

In my class, I used Kahoot games four times during the semester. I used the games two times to review the most-missed questions in the exams, and two additional times to engage students in learning difficult concepts in the class. Interestingly, many of the students are very familiar with Kahoot.

I usually send an announcement to the students to come to class with their smart phones charged, so they can use it for the games. During class, I introduce class materials for about 10 minutes, then I transition to Kahoot games.

To set up Kahoot games, I created a profile on Kahoot website, create a quiz, set the time for each question and add images. At the time of playing the games, the students log in to the website, and join the quiz by using an automatically-generated set of numbers.

Of all the different teaching activities I used in the entire semester, the students enjoyed Kahoot games the most. I believe it is a great way to engage the students to the course materials, and get feedback and data on students’ learning.

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Teaching Methods: 2. Open educational resources (video lectures)

Video lectures are a fun way to introduce course materials to students. Considering student diversity in my classroom, embedding video clips in my lecture notes is inevitable. Canvas website for my course has many external technology application tools I can use for educational video sources. In my class, I used YouTube, Pearson Mastering Biology bioflix resources and NBC Learning media.

For example, the first week of class, I had to introduce to my students the scientific method, which include teaching them how research is carried out, designing hypothesis and experiments, among others. In an attempt to not “scare” them with technical jargon and scientific terms, I added a video clip illustrating the scientific method in a song.

Flipped classroom design

For one of my weekly class materials, I decided to implement a different pedagogical approach, the flipped classroom design. This design was reported to improve student academic performance in several studies (Deslauriers et al. 2011, Koo et al. 2016, Thai et al. 2017).

I implemented this design by sharing course materials on the course website and urging the students to revise them prior to class meeting. During class meeting, students spent the entire time solving real-world problems and reflection questions based on what they have learned from the course material.

In this innovative approach, I integrated flipped classroom design with video lectures, such that I posted course PowerPoint materials and several short video clips for them to watch on several advancement in the use of knowledge on molecular genetics in agriculture and health.

The video lectures added teaching variety to the class and the students’ feedback on the videos were positive. Furthermore, this design also allowed for maximum student engagement in the classroom, while they determine the pace and style of their learning.


REFERENCES

Deslauriers L., Schelew E., and Wieman C. (2011). Improved learning in a large-enrollment Physics class. Science 332 (6031): 862-864

Koo C.L., Demps E.L., Farris C., Vowman J.D., Panahi L., and Boyle P. (2016). Impact of flipped classroom design on student performance and perceptions in a pharmacotherapy course. American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education 80 (2): 1-9

Thai N.T.T., De Wever B., and Valcke M. (2017). The impact of flipped classroom design on learning performance in higher education: looking for the best “blend” of lectures and guided questions with feedback. Computers & Education 107: 113-126.

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My diversity statement

As a black man and a first-generation individual to graduate degree from a working-class Nigerian family, I have personally experienced the barriers to full, equal participation in science, and I am interested in helping to remove them. As a migrant graduate student in the United States, I endured culture shocks, steep learning curves, and financial challenges, while conducting my PhD dissertation on an unfamiliar species and ecosystem. In spite of these challenges, I successfully completed five dissertation chapters, which resulted in the discovery of new locations of the threatened species and increased the scientific understanding of the federally threatened species, the genus and their relationships with their habitats.
As an adjunct faculty at Truckee Meadows Community College (TMCC), Reno, Nevada, a Hispanic serving institution (HSI) and community college with over 50% student population from minority groups, I focused on building personal relationships with my students so I could understand and empathize with them. As a result, my students feel comfortable sharing with me their personal struggles including financial and health challenges, which impacts their academic performance, and for which I provided counseling and referral services. For example, a student of color told me, in tears, that she would drop the class because she recently lost her job; I helped her secure a student job on campus so she could continue her education. I also served on the TMCC’s Student Resources Committee, contributing to leadership and providing food pantry services and administering scholarships to financially challenged students. Furthermore, I implemented active learning approaches and learner-centered course designs and instructional delivery following the universal design for learning (UDL), to facilitate an inclusive learning experience for all students. I also offer flexible office hours, varied learning assessments, include a diversity statement in the syllabus of all courses I teach.
Despite the significant improvement in student gender and racial diversity across American college campuses, Blacks and Hispanics continue to experience the highest dropouts and largest college debt burdens; college enrolment is still low among Native American racial groups, and racial gaps and imbalances are prominent in STEM careers, especially among tenured college faculty positions. Additionally, despite comprising 17% of global population, Africa generates less than 1% of world’s research. I strongly believe in mentorship as a pathway to increasing diversity, equity, and inclusion in STEM careers. I offered internships to TMCC students, which guided career decisions and helped former interns to pursue academic careers in STEM. I have mentored several African students and peers, resulting in scientific publications and securing graduate admissions. I also contributed to K-12 mentoring with the NSF-funded Planting Science program, and offered several informal mentoring sessions with youths in the Pyramid Lake Paiute native American Tribe in Northern Nevada. Furthermore, I have made donations to enable scientists from underrepresented groups to attend scientific conferences, and spearheading institutional efforts (as the President of the Society for Conservation Biology [SCB] in Africa) to provide free conference registrations for members of underrepresented groups. Further, SCB Africa Section, under my current leadership, is developing an education program to provide long-term capacity building for early career African scientists in conservation science, policy, and management.
I also promote DEI issues in my research. In addition to the research internships, I also co-authored two papers addressing decolonization of ethnomedicinal research studies and institutions, as well as increasing the engagement of local African experts in global collaborative research work. Furthermore, my pre-doctoral research work involved engaging with faith-based communities in West Africa to document and preserve their traditional ecological and ethnomedicinal knowledge (for example, see: https://www.aaas.org/programs/dialogue-science-ethics-and-religion/profiles-science-engagement-faith-communities).
As a college faculty, I will be strategically positioned to motivate, inspire, and mentor members of the underrepresented groups, especially the Blacks to seek STEM careers. I will volunteer and contribute leadership in institutional groups that address DEI issues on campus, and facilitate diversity in my research laboratory by hiring, mentoring and advising undergraduate and graduate students and postdocs from diverse cultural, ethnic, racial, and sexual orientation backgrounds. I also look forward to leveraging my experience and cultural identity to engage in community outreach programs to K-12 schools for urban kids who tend to have a lack of connection to nature, due to gaps in formal education and lack of family activities in the outdoors.

Mentoring

“If I have seen further it is by standing on the shoulders of giants.” — Isaac Newton

1. While working as a scientific officer in Federal Government research institute in Nigeria, I mentored over 30 undergraduate students who were posted in my research unit. Mentoring activities involved engaging them in my research work, field surveys, data collection and management, and periodic career discussions.

2. Four undergraduate students from Truckee Meadows Community College worked with me during my PhD dissertation (see photo below), and gained valuable research experience. One of them decided to pursue a career in Environmental Sciences after working with me. Another one is currently in a graduate program.

3. In the past two academic sessions, I also mentored several high school students under the Planting Science platform [https://plantingscience.org/]. Through this program, I guided students on formulating research questions and hypotheses, and setting up their experiments.

4. Through the e-mentoring program of the Africa Section of the Society for Conservation Biology, I mentored peers on writing research proposals for competitive grant applications, and developing manuscripts for publications.

5. I mentored five students through the Undergraduate Research Apprentice Program (URAP) at the University of California, Berkeley in Spring 2022 semester. The students worked on mining of introduced flora and data analysis to identify risks of biological invasion.

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